Prepare the egg yolk mixture – In a medium mixing bowl, combine the egg yolks and white sugar.
Pasteurize over hot water – Place the bowl over a pot of gently simmering water. Using a hand mixer or whisk, beat continuously until the mixture becomes thick, pale, and fluffy. The heat gently pasteurizes the eggs without scrambling them. Tip: If you're using pasteurized, ready-to-eat eggs, you can skip the hot water bath and simply beat until thick and pale.
Cool the yolk mixture – Remove the bowl from the heat and set aside. Allow the mixture to cool to room temperature. This prevents it from melting the mascarpone when combined.
Whip the mascarpone – In a separate large bowl, beat the room-temperature mascarpone cheese on low speed until completely smooth and free of lumps.
Combine mascarpone and yolks – Add the cooled egg yolk mixture to the mascarpone in two batches, gently mixing after each addition until fully incorporated. Set aside.
Whip the heavy cream – In another bowl, whip the heavy cream until it reaches a thick, yogurt-like consistency with soft peaks. Do not overwhip to stiff peaks, as you'll be folding it into the mascarpone mixture.
Fold together – Add the whipped cream to the mascarpone-egg mixture. Gently fold with a spatula using a cutting motion until no streaks remain. Be careful not to stir vigorously in circles, as this will deflate the airy texture.